Fractal Particles Particles in a fractal universe are standing waves. A standing wave has nodes where the energy density does not change over time. Particle size refers to the core region enclosed by the innermost node of the standing wave pattern. The core region imparts particle-like behavior to the standing wave pattern by interacting with other wave patterns.Yet the standing wave pattern of a single particle extends throughout the universe of its origin, creating a field and imparting wave-like behavior to the particle. Fractal particles can have either spherical or cylindrical symmetry. (See illustration.)